A20 – Travelling
Vlastnosti
| predmet | Anglický jazyk |
| typ | maturitná téma |
| okruh | anglický jazyk |
| číslo | 20 |
| stav | vypracované |
Talk about the reasons why people travel, the means of transport and their advantages and disadvantages, travelling on holiday, and your own travel experience.
1. Osnova témy
- Why people travel — work, study, holiday, adventure, necessity.
- Means of transport by land, by water and by air.
- The advantages and disadvantages of each.
- Public transport versus your own car.
- At the airport and at the railway station.
- Preparing for a journey — documents, packing, booking.
- Types of holiday and types of accommodation.
- Your own travel experience and where you would like to go.
2. Kľúčová slovná zásoba
- reasons: to travel on business, for pleasure, for a holiday, for education, to seek adventure, out of necessity, to broaden one's horizons (rozšíriť si obzory)
- ways of travelling: with a travel agency, package tour (zájazd), self-catering holiday, backpacker (batôžkar), globetrotter, budget traveller, to hitchhike (stopovať)
- means of transport: to travel by car, by bus, by coach (diaľkový autobus), by train, by plane, by ship, to ride a bike or a motorbike, to go on foot; ferry (trajekt), liner, speedboat, submarine, underground / tube / subway, tram, trolleybus, helicopter, hot air balloon
- at the airport: check-in desk, to weigh the luggage, security check, to be screened, customs (colnica), customs officer, gate, boarding card (palubný lístok), baggage reclaim (výdaj batožiny), departures, arrivals, delay
- flying: charter flight, scheduled flight, delayed / cancelled flight, to take off (vzlietnuť), to land (pristáť), to board a plane, to fasten seatbelts, window seat, aisle seat (pri uličke), cockpit, turbulence, jet lag
- trains: slow train, fast train, intercity, sleeping car (lôžkový vozeň), dining car, compartment (kupé), platform (nástupište), timetable, waiting room, left-luggage office, to change trains (prestupovať)
- tickets: single ticket (jednosmerný), return ticket (spiatočný), reasonably priced, to book in advance, season ticket
- by car: motorway (diaľnica), crossroads, roundabout (kruhový objazd), zebra crossing, traffic lights, traffic jam (zápcha), to overtake (predbiehať), to exceed the speed limit, to pay a toll (mýto) or a fine (pokuta), to get a flat tyre (defekt), to run out of petrol, to fill up the tank
- documents: identity card, passport, visa, travel insurance, driving licence, ticket, vaccination certificate
- packing: luggage, baggage, suitcase, rucksack, carry-on, map, guidebook, first-aid kit, sunscreen
- accommodation: hotel, hostel, motel, B&B (bed and breakfast), guesthouse, chalet, apartment, campsite; to check in, to check out, to make a reservation, half board, full board, all-inclusive, receptionist, guest
3. Užitočné frázy a väzby
- People travel for all sorts of reasons.
- Travelling is one of the best ways of learning about the world.
- We can travel by land, by water or by air.
- Each means of transport has its advantages and disadvantages.
- The fastest way is by plane, but it is also the most expensive and the least environmentally friendly.
- Personally, I prefer travelling by train, because you can walk around and look out of the window.
- Before you set off, you should book your accommodation and check your documents.
- Do not forget to take out travel insurance.
- The place I would most like to visit is… because…
- Travelling broadens the mind.
- To sum up, you learn more in a week abroad than in a month of reading about it.
4. Modelová odpoveď
People travel for many different reasons. Some travel out of pure necessity — they commute to work or to school, they go shopping or visit their relatives. Others travel on business. But most of us travel for pleasure: to spend a holiday somewhere new, to relax and get some rest, to see famous places, to learn about other cultures, their traditions and customs, or to improve a foreign language. Travelling is one of the best ways of learning about life, which is exactly what the old saying „travelling broadens the mind" means.
We can travel by land, by water or by air. By land we travel by car, by bus or coach, by train, by bike or motorbike, by underground and tram in cities, or simply on foot. By water there are boats, ships, ferries and cruise liners, and by air planes and helicopters.
Each means of transport has its advantages and disadvantages. A car is comfortable and independent — you leave when you want and stop where you want, and you can take a lot of luggage. On the other hand, it is expensive, you can get stuck in a traffic jam, parking in cities is a nightmare, and driving long distances is tiring and dangerous. A plane is by far the fastest way of covering long distances, but the tickets are expensive, you have to be at the airport hours before departure, flights can be delayed or cancelled, and aviation pollutes the air badly. A train is safe and comfortable; you can read, sleep, walk around, and you arrive in the centre of the city, though trains are sometimes slow and you may have to change several times. Buses are usually the cheapest option, but they are less comfortable on long journeys. Public transport in general is cheap and environmentally friendly, but it is crowded in the rush hour and you have to follow the timetable rather than your own plans.
Before a journey there is quite a lot to arrange. You have to book your tickets and accommodation, ideally in advance, because it is cheaper. You need your documents — an identity card is enough within the European Union, but for other countries you need a passport and sometimes a visa. It is sensible to take out travel insurance. Then comes the packing: clothes suitable for the climate, a first-aid kit, a charger, a map or a guidebook, and of course money or a card.
At the airport you go to the check-in desk, where your luggage is weighed, then through the security check, where sharp and metal objects are detected and passengers are screened. You get your boarding card, wait at the gate, board the plane, fasten your seatbelt, and after landing you collect your suitcase at the baggage reclaim.
People choose different types of holiday. Some book a package tour with a travel agency because everything is arranged for them. Others prefer to travel independently as backpackers, which is cheaper and more adventurous. Accommodation ranges from luxurious hotels through guesthouses and B&Bs to hostels and campsites, and you can choose half board, full board or all-inclusive.
As for me, I have not travelled a great deal yet — mostly holidays in Slovakia, in the mountains and at the Slovak lakes, and a few trips to neighbouring countries. I like travelling by train best. When I finish school I would like to travel much more; the place I would most like to see is Scotland, because of the landscape and the history.
5. Otázky na diskusiu
- Why do people travel?
- Which means of transport do you prefer, and why?
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of travelling by plane?
- Do you prefer travelling with a travel agency or on your own?
- What do you have to arrange before you go abroad?
- Describe what happens at an airport before a flight.
- What kind of accommodation would you choose and why?
- What is the most interesting place you have ever visited?
- Where would you like to travel one day, and why?
- How do you think people will travel in a hundred years?
6. Zhrnutie na ústnu odpoveď
- Prečo cestujeme: necessity (work, shopping) · business · holiday · culture and languages · adventure.
- Ako: by land (car, bus, train, bike, on foot) · by water (boat, ferry, ship) · by air (plane, helicopter).
- Výhody a nevýhody: car — freedom vs. cost and traffic jams · plane — speed vs. price and pollution · train — comfort and safety vs. slowness · bus — cheap vs. uncomfortable.
- Pred cestou: book tickets and accommodation, documents (ID, passport, visa), insurance, packing.
- Na letisku: check-in → luggage weighed → security → boarding card → gate → take off → baggage reclaim.
- Typy dovolenky: package tour vs. backpacking; hotel, hostel, B&B, campsite; half board, full board, all-inclusive.
- Ja: where you have been, how you like to travel, one dream destination with a reason.
Predložky pri doprave sú klasický chyták: by car, by bus, by train, by plane — bez člena — ale on foot, nie „by foot", ako to má učiteľkin materiál. A pozor na travel (sloveso, nepočítateľné podstatné meno), journey (jedna cesta z A do B), trip (krátky výlet) a voyage (dlhá plavba). Použi ich správne a hneď to znie zrelo.
Súvisiace poznámky
- A21 – Towns and Places — miesta, kam sa cestuje
- A14 – Learning Languages — jazyk pri cestovaní
- A11 – Man and Nature — doprava a znečistenie ovzdušia
- A26 – The United Kingdom — cestovanie do anglicky hovoriacich krajín
- Anglické ekvivalenty — slovná zásoba a termíny po anglicky
Kontrolné otázky
Why do people travel?
To relax, see new places and cultures, learn languages, visit friends or for work.
Which means of transport do you prefer, and why?
The train – it is comfortable, I can read or work, and it is better for the environment.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of travelling by plane?
It is the fastest way to travel long distances, but it is expensive, there are long checks at the airport and it pollutes the air.
Do you prefer travelling with a travel agency or on your own?
On my own – I can plan everything as I like and it is often cheaper.
What do you have to arrange before you go abroad?
A valid ID or passport, transport, accommodation, travel insurance, maybe a visa, and currency or a card.
Describe what happens at an airport before a flight.
You check in, drop off your luggage, go through security, then passport control if needed, wait at the gate and board the plane.
What kind of accommodation would you choose and why?
A hostel or an apartment – it is cheaper than a hotel and I can meet people or cook for myself.
What is the most interesting place you have ever visited?
Describe one place, when you went there, what you saw and why it impressed you.
Where would you like to travel one day, and why?
To Japan, because of the technology, culture and food, or to the USA to see Silicon Valley.
How do you think people will travel in a hundred years?
Faster and greener – electric or self-driving cars, very fast trains and maybe even trips into space.