Skip to main content

A03 – Sport and Games

Vlastnosti
predmetAnglický jazyk
typmaturitná téma
okruhanglický jazyk
číslo3
stavvypracované
Zadanie

Talk about sports and games, summer and winter sports, sport at school, professional and amateur sport, and your own relationship to sport.

1. Osnova témy​

  • The difference between sport and a game — rules, a referee, two players or two teams.
  • How sports are divided — indoor and outdoor, summer and winter, individual and collective.
  • Why people do sport — amateurs for pleasure and health, professionals for a living.
  • The qualities a successful sportsman needs, and the dangers and injuries sport brings.
  • Sport at school and the facilities and equipment you need.
  • Sport in Slovakia — which sports are popular and why.
  • Your own attitude and your favourite sport.
  • The Olympic Games — history, symbols and meaning.

2. Kľúčová slovná zásoba​

  • types of sport: summer and winter sports, outdoor and indoor sports, individual and collective sports, ball games, water sports (sailing, yachting, water-skiing, diving), martial arts (karate, taekwondo, aikido), athletics
  • extreme sports: sky diving, parachuting (zoskok padákom), hang gliding, cliff diving, whitewater rafting, windsurfing, freestyle skiing, mountain biking, skateboarding, bungee jumping
  • winter sports: skiing, snowboarding, ice hockey, bobsleighing (bobovanie), speed skating (rýchlokorčuľovanie), figure skating (krasokorčuľovanie)
  • equipment: puck, hockey stick (hokejka), a pair of skates, ball, goal, net, bat, racket, skis, goggles, life jacket, paddle, canoe, trainers (tenisky), skiing poles (palice), golf clubs, weight plates
  • body protection: helmet with faceguard, padded gloves, shoulder pads, knee pads, shin pads (chrániče holení)
  • facilities: athletic stadium, sports hall, court (kurt), golf course, gymnasium, ice rink (klzisko), indoor pool, pitch (ihrisko), ski resort, track (dráha), changing room (šatňa)
  • people and rules: referee (rozhodca), umpire, coach (tréner), goalkeeper (brankár), defender (obranca), forward (útočník), fan, spectator (divák), to obey the rules, to score a goal, to win, to lose, to draw (remizovať)
  • reasons for doing sport: relaxation, increase of stamina (výdrž), looking after health, weight loss, muscle building, new friendships, team building, learning to win and lose, a clear mind
  • qualities: stamina, endurance, strong will (silná vôľa), discipline, a sense of fair play, determination
  • problems of professional sport: overtraining, doping (anabolic steroids), corruption, drug testing, pressure, early retirement
  • injuries: to get injured (poraniť sa), bruise (odrenina), to break a leg or an arm, to sprain an ankle (vyvrtnúť si členok), to hurt one's spine (chrbtica)
  • events: match, tournament (turnaj), competition, championship, the Olympic Games, Olympic rings, Olympic flag, Olympic flame, opening ceremony, medal awarding ceremony

3. Užitočné frázy a väzby​

  • There is a clear difference between sport and games.
  • Sports can be divided into several groups, depending on…
  • People do sport for a number of reasons.
  • Amateurs do sport for pleasure, whereas professionals earn their living by it.
  • Personally, I am quite a keen sportsman / I am not much of a sportsman.
  • My favourite sport is… because it is fast, exciting and you play it in a team.
  • I go swimming twice a week and I try to keep fit.
  • The biggest advantage of doing sport is that…
  • On the other hand, sport can also be harmful if you are not careful.
  • I would never try an extreme sport, because I would be afraid of hurting myself.
  • What I like about ice hockey is the atmosphere in the stadium.
  • To sum up, sport should be part of everybody's life, at least in some form.

4. Modelová odpoveď​

First of all, I would like to explain the difference between sport and games. Sport includes all kinds of physical activity that help people to keep fit, both physically and mentally. A game, on the other hand, is usually played between two players or two teams, it has certain rules, and there is a referee who makes sure that the players obey them and who decides who has won. The most popular games are football, ice hockey, basketball, tennis and volleyball.

Sports can be divided in several ways. Indoor sports, such as gymnastics, basketball or table tennis, are played inside, while outdoor sports, such as skiing, cycling, hiking or sailing, are played in the open air. Some sports, like football, tennis or swimming, can be played both indoors and outdoors. We also distinguish winter sports, such as skiing, snowboarding and ice hockey, from summer sports, and individual sports, such as swimming or cycling, from collective ones, such as ice hockey or water polo.

People do sport for different reasons. Amateurs do it for pleasure, not for money. They want to be fit and healthy, they take sport as a form of relaxation, it helps them lose weight and they meet new people. Professionals do sport as their job and earn their living by it. Becoming a professional is not easy — you have to start young, train hard and live a healthy lifestyle. A successful sportsman needs stamina, a strong will, discipline and a sense of fair play. Professional sport also has its dark side: overtraining, doping and the constant pressure to win.

Sport can also be dangerous. While doing sport people can get seriously injured — they can get bruises, break a leg or an arm, or even hurt their spine. That is why protective equipment such as a helmet, knee pads and shin pads is so important.

In Slovakia the most popular sports are football and ice hockey. Football is popular because you can play it almost anywhere and you do not need expensive equipment. Ice hockey has a huge number of fans, and our national team has had some great international successes. In winter, skiing and snowboarding are popular too, because we have mountains and long winters.

As for me, sport is one of my hobbies. I like it because it is good fun and you meet a lot of people. I play football with my friends after school, and in winter I go skiing whenever I can. I would not like to try extreme sports, though, because I think they are simply too dangerous.

Finally, the Olympic Games are the greatest sporting event in the world. They are held every four years, always in a different country, and they promote the idea of friendship between nations. Their symbols are the Olympic flag with five rings and the Olympic flame, which is lit at the opening ceremony.

5. Otázky na diskusiu​

  1. What is the difference between sport and a game?
  2. Which sports do you like playing, and which do you prefer only to watch?
  3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of being a professional sportsman?
  4. Would you like to be a professional sportsman? Why or why not?
  5. Would you go to a stadium to watch an important match, or do you prefer watching it on TV?
  6. Do you have a favourite sportsman or sportswoman? Describe them.
  7. Why do you think doping is such a big problem in professional sport?
  8. Should sport be a compulsory subject at school?
  9. Would you ever try an extreme sport? Which one, and why?
  10. What do the Olympic Games mean to you?

6. Zhrnutie na ústnu odpoveď​

  • Sport vs. game: physical activity vs. two teams + rules + a referee.
  • Delenie: indoor/outdoor · summer/winter · individual/collective · ball games · martial arts · extreme sports.
  • Prečo športujeme: amateurs — health, relaxation, weight loss, friends; professionals — it is their job.
  • Vlastnosti a riziká: stamina, strong will, discipline, fair play; injuries, overtraining, doping.
  • Na Slovensku: football (cheap, anywhere) and ice hockey (many fans); skiing in winter.
  • Ja a šport: name one sport, how often, with whom, and one sentence why.
  • Olympiáda: every four years, different country, five rings, the flame, friendship between nations.
Overené

Učiteľkin materiál tvrdí, že prvé olympijské hry sa konali v Aténach roku 776 pred n. l. To je chyba — antické hry sa konali v Olympii na Peloponéze. V Aténach sa roku 1896 konali prvé novodobé hry. Na skúške povedz: „The ancient Olympic Games were held in Olympia from 776 BC, and the first modern Olympics took place in Athens in 1896."

Čo povedať na skúške

Zdroj tiež píše, že na olympiáde štartujú „only professional sportsmen". Historicky to bolo presne naopak — hry boli dlho vyhradené amatérom a profesionáli sa pripúšťajú až od konca 80. rokov. Povedz radšej „today both amateurs and professionals can take part".

Súvisiace poznámky​

Kontrolné otázky​

What is the difference between sport and a game?

Sport usually involves physical effort, training and competition according to official rules. A game can be just for fun and does not have to be physical, like chess or card games.

Which sports do you like playing, and which do you prefer only to watch?

I like cycling and playing football with friends. I prefer watching ice hockey, especially when Slovakia plays at the World Championship.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of being a professional sportsman?

Advantages: fame, good money, travelling. Disadvantages: hard training, injuries, pressure, little private life and a short career.

Would you like to be a professional sportsman? Why or why not?

No, I would not. I enjoy sport as a hobby, but I would not like to train every day and live under constant pressure.

Would you go to a stadium to watch an important match, or do you prefer watching it on TV?

The stadium has a fantastic atmosphere, but on TV you see replays and it is cheaper. For a really important match I would go to the stadium.

Do you have a favourite sportsman or sportswoman? Describe them.

Name a sportsperson (e.g. Petra Vlhová), say what they achieved and what you admire – discipline, fighting spirit, coming back after an injury.

Why do you think doping is such a big problem in professional sport?

There is huge pressure to win and a lot of money involved. Doping is unfair and it seriously damages athletes' health.

Should sport be a compulsory subject at school?

Yes, because many students do not move enough. But PE should offer more choice so that everybody finds something they enjoy.

Would you ever try an extreme sport? Which one, and why?

I would like to try paragliding once, with an experienced instructor. It must be an incredible feeling to fly over the mountains.

What do the Olympic Games mean to you?

They are the biggest sporting event in the world and a symbol of peace and fair play. I always watch when Slovak athletes compete.

🔗 Spätné odkazy (4)