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A10 – Human Relationships

Vlastnosti
predmetAnglický jazyk
typmaturitná téma
okruhanglický jazyk
číslo10
stavvypracované
Zadanie

Talk about relationships between people, friendship and love, relationships in the family and at school, and conflicts and the ways of solving them.

1. Osnova témy​

  • What a relationship is, and the difference between formal and informal ones.
  • Relationships in the family — parents, siblings, grandparents.
  • Friendship — how we make friends and what a real friend is like.
  • Love, dating, marriage and divorce.
  • Relationships at school — between classmates, and between students and teachers.
  • Relationships between men and women, and how they have changed.
  • Society and minorities, and society and disabled people.
  • Conflicts and how to solve them.

2. Kľúčová slovná zásoba​

  • kinds of relationship: friendship, partnership, kinship (príbuzenstvo), cohabitation (spolužitie), marriage, love affair; informal (family, friends, classmates, peers, neighbours) and formal (teachers and students, employers and employees, doctors and patients); short-term and long-term
  • creating relationships: to get to know each other, to make friends, to go out with somebody, to ask somebody out, to go on a date, to have something in common
  • human values: love, tolerance, acceptance, loyalty (vernosť), fairness, honesty, care, trust (dôvera), empathy, respect, willingness (ochota), support
  • a good relationship: to be on good terms with sb., to get on well with sb., to care about each other, to give somebody a hand, to give somebody a shoulder to cry on, to solve problems together, to share secrets, to stay in touch, to devote time to each other
  • a bad relationship: carelessness, ignorance, selfishness (sebectvo), jealousy (žiarlivosť), lack of interest, infidelity (nevera), to neglect each other, to argue (hádať sa), to split up, to break up, separation, divorce
  • love and marriage: to fall in love, to propose (požiadať o ruku), to get engaged (zasnúbiť sa), fiancé / fiancée, to get married, husband and wife, spouse (manžel/ka), honeymoon, to get a divorce
  • positive character traits: reliable (spoľahlivý), understanding, responsible, fair, loyal, warm-hearted, helpful, sincere (úprimný), polite, kind, sociable, hospitable (pohostinný), generous (štedrý), hard-working, sensible (rozumný)
  • negative character traits: unreliable, selfish, jealous, rude, arrogant, stubborn (tvrdohlavý), lazy, envious (závistlivý), narrow-minded (obmedzený), moody
  • society: minority (menšina), majority, prejudice (predsudok), intolerance, discrimination, racism, to be suspicious of (byť podozrievavý)
  • disabled people: disability, wheelchair (invalidný vozík), barrier-free access (bezbariérový prístup), the Paralympic Games, to integrate, equal opportunities
  • conflicts: misunderstanding (nedorozumenie), quarrel (hádka), to make up (udobriť sa), to apologise, to forgive (odpustiť), compromise, to come to an agreement

3. Užitočné frázy a väzby​

  • A relationship is simply the way people behave towards one another.
  • We can divide relationships into formal and informal ones.
  • I get on very well with my parents, although we sometimes disagree.
  • A real friend is somebody who is there for you when things go wrong.
  • As the proverb says, „A friend in need is a friend indeed."
  • What I value most in a friend is honesty.
  • Relationships between men and women have changed a lot over the last hundred years.
  • Unfortunately, prejudice and intolerance towards minorities still exist.
  • When a conflict arises, the best thing is to talk about it calmly.
  • It takes a long time to build trust, but only a moment to destroy it.
  • All in all, good relationships are what makes life worth living.

4. Modelová odpoveď​

A relationship is the way people behave towards each other. When two people are friendly, understand one another and get on well together, we say that they have a good relationship. Relationships can be formal, such as those between a teacher and a student, an employer and an employee or a doctor and a patient, or informal, such as those within the family, between friends or between neighbours.

The first and most important relationships in our lives are family ones. I get on very well with my parents. Of course we sometimes disagree, especially about how much free time I should have, but I know that I can talk to them about my problems and that they will help me. With my brother it is a bit different — we argue quite often, but if anybody else attacked him, I would defend him immediately. I also visit my grandparents regularly. There is a certain generation gap, but I actually enjoy listening to their stories.

Friendship is just as important. We usually make friends with people who have similar hobbies, interests and attitudes to life. A real friend is somebody who is always there for you, who finds the time to listen, who helps you when you have problems, and who does not envy you when you are successful. A real friend can also forgive and forget. As the old proverb says, „A friend in need is a friend indeed", and I believe that is absolutely true. Most people have one best friend and a wider circle of ordinary friends and classmates.

Then there are romantic relationships. Young people go out together, and if they get on well, they may fall in love. Later a couple may get engaged and get married. Unfortunately, not every marriage is happy. Couples argue about money, about relatives, or they simply grow apart; sometimes one partner is unfaithful. If the problems are too serious, the marriage ends in divorce, which is especially hard for the children.

The relationship between men and women has changed enormously. In the past women were not treated equally: they stayed at home, looked after the children, could not vote and had far fewer educational opportunities. Today women formally have the same rights as men, but in practice they are still under-represented in politics and in leading positions in companies, and they are often paid less for the same work.

There are also relationships between different groups in society. In every country there are minorities — ethnic, religious or social — and unfortunately attitudes towards them are often based on prejudice, intolerance and narrow-mindedness. People are frequently rude to those they know nothing about. The same used to be true of disabled people, but the situation is much better today: there are organisations that support them, buildings have barrier-free access, and disabled sportsmen and sportswomen compete at the Paralympic Games.

Finally, conflicts are a normal part of every relationship. What matters is how we solve them. In my opinion the best way is to stay calm, listen to the other person, try to understand their point of view and look for a compromise. Shouting never solves anything, and being able to apologise is a sign of strength, not weakness.

5. Otázky na diskusiu​

  1. Why are relationships so important in our lives?
  2. What kind of relationship do you have with your parents and your siblings?
  3. What qualities make somebody a real friend?
  4. How do you look after your friendships?
  5. In what ways can people get to know each other?
  6. Which relationships require more formality and politeness?
  7. What kind of relationship should there be between students and teachers?
  8. Why do you think so many marriages end in divorce nowadays?
  9. How has the position of women in society changed?
  10. Are relationships more difficult today than they used to be? Why?

6. Zhrnutie na ústnu odpoveď​

  • Definícia: the way people behave towards each other; formal vs. informal.
  • Rodina: parents, siblings, grandparents — one honest sentence about each.
  • Priateľstvo: how we choose friends; four qualities of a best friend; the proverb.
  • Láska a manželstvo: date → fall in love → get engaged → get married → problems → divorce.
  • Muži a ženy: the past (no vote, no jobs) vs. today (equal rights formally, but not in practice).
  • Menšiny a postihnutí: prejudice, intolerance vs. organisations, barrier-free access, the Paralympics.
  • Konflikty: stay calm, listen, compromise, apologise.
Overené

Učiteľkin materiál uvádza Stephena Hawkinga ako prednášajúceho na Oxforde — v skutočnosti pôsobil celý život v Cambridgei, kde bol Lucasovským profesorom matematiky. Zomrel roku 2018, takže o ňom hovor v minulom čase: „Stephen Hawking was a British scientist who worked at Cambridge."

Čo povedať na skúške

Zdroj používa pri menšinách slovo „Gypsies". To je dnes vnímané ako hanlivé — povedz Roma alebo the Roma minority. Pri postihnutých ľuďoch platí to isté: nie „the disabled", ale people with disabilities alebo disabled people. Komisia takúto citlivosť ocení.

Súvisiace poznámky​

Kontrolné otázky​

Why are relationships so important in our lives?

People are social beings. Relationships give us support, love and help, and they make us happy.

What kind of relationship do you have with your parents and your siblings?

A good one. I can talk to my parents about problems and I get on well with my brother, although we sometimes argue.

What qualities make somebody a real friend?

Loyalty, honesty, trust and being there when you need help.

How do you look after your friendships?

I spend time with my friends, keep in touch online, help them and keep their secrets.

In what ways can people get to know each other?

At school or work, through hobbies and sports, through friends, at parties or on social networks and dating apps.

Which relationships require more formality and politeness?

Relationships with teachers, employers, doctors, officials and older people we do not know well.

What kind of relationship should there be between students and teachers?

Respectful and friendly, but with clear rules. A teacher should be fair and students should be polite.

Why do you think so many marriages end in divorce nowadays?

People get married too quickly, they do not communicate, and divorce is socially more accepted than it used to be.

How has the position of women in society changed?

Women can vote, study and have careers. But there are still problems, such as lower salaries and the double burden of job and household.

Are relationships more difficult today than they used to be? Why?

In some ways yes. People are busy, communicate mostly online and expect perfection, but they also have more freedom to choose their partners.

🔗 Spätné odkazy (8)